Abdul Ali Mazari
Abdul Ali Mazari : عبدلعلی مزاری - was a political leader of the Hezbe Wahdat during and following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Mazari was an ethnic Hazara, and believed the solution to the divisiveness in Afghanistan was in federalism, where every ethnic group would have specific constitutional rights.
Early life
An ethnic Hazara, Abdul Ali Mazari was born in the village of Charkent, south of the northern city of Mazari Sharif. Hence, his surname is "Mazari". He began his primary schooling in theology at the local school in his village, then went to Mazari Sharif, then Qom in Iran, and then to Najaf in Iraq.
Political life
In Iran, Mazari was imprisoned and tortured after being accused of conspiracy against the Shah of Iran in assistance with Iranian Shi'ite clerics.
Simultaneously with the occupation of Afghanistan by the Red Army, Abdul Ali Mazari returned to his birthplace and gained a prominent place in the anti-Soviet resistance movement. During the first years of the resistance, he lost his young brother, Mohammed Sultan, during a battle against the Soviet-backed forces. He soon lost his sister and other members of his family in the resistance. His uncle, Mohammad Ja'afar, and his son, Mohammad Afzal, were imprisoned and killed by the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. He also lost his father, Haji Khudadad, and his brother, Haji Mohammad Nabi, in the rebellion and resistance movement.
Hezbe Wahdat
Graveyard of Abdul Ali Mazari Mazari Sharif.
Abdul Ali Mazari was one of the founding members and the first leader of the Hezbe Wahdat (Unity Party). In the first Congress of the party, he was elected leader of the Central Committee. During the second Congress, he was elected Secretary General of the Wahdat Party. Mazari's initiative led to the creation of the Jonbesh-e Shamal (Northern Movement), in which the country's most significant military forces joined ranks with the rebels, leading to a coup d'état and the eventual downfall of the regime in Kabul.
Civil War
The fall of Kabul to the Mujahideen marked the start of the Afghan Civil War between various factions, parties and ethnic groups. During this period, Mazari led the forces of Hezbe Wahdat who were based in West Kabul. More than twenty-six fierce battles were fought against Hezbe Wahdat by the forces of Shora-e-Nezar, Abdur Rasool Sayyaf and Taliban. Sometimes the relation of Mazari with the general Abdul Rashid Dostum was quite neutral, sometimes he was an ally, depending on the situation. The result was total destruction of Kabul city and the death of more than 50,000 civilians. More than 900 civilians were massacred in the Hazara-dominated district of Afshar in Kabul and many more in Karte Seh by the invading forces of Ahmad Sha Masoud, and Abdur Rasool Sayyaf, assisted by Hezbe Wahdat defectors.
Taliban era and death
In March 1995, the Taliban invited him for political dialogue and treacherously arrested him along with his five companions in Chaharasyab, near Kabul. Next day he was thrown out from a helicopter while in flight near Ghazni which killed him. The Taliban issued a statement that Abdul Ali Mazari attacked the guards when he was being flown to Qandahar. Later his body and those of his companions were handed over to Hezbe Wahdat. The bodies were all mutilated and showed signs of brutality. Abdul Ali Mazari's body was carried on foot from Ghazni in the west to Mazar-e-Sharif in the north of Afghanistan by his followers over a period of forty days. He is regarded a national hero by the Hazara community.
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Faiz Mohammad kateb
Faiz Mohammed was the son of Sa'eed Mohammed Hazara of Ghazni province. He is perhaps best known for his five-volume history of Afghanistan, Sarajul Tawarikh, which provides one of the best references on nineteenth-century Afghan history.
The book was written by the encouragement of the court of Amir Habibullah Khan. He was a court clerk, initially, thus the title of Kateb( clerk) in his name. Faiz Mohammed was also the biographer of the Amir. Amir Habibullah Khan imprisoned him in Sherpur for his political activities and his role in the Constitutionalist Movement. However he was soon released by the Amir due to their personal friendship and for having labored to author Sirajul Tawarikh.
In 1929, Habibullah,issued a decree on the names of the renowned Shiites of Kabul such as Mohammed Ali Jawansher(Jauntier) Chandawali, Qazi Shuhaab, Khalifa Mohmmed Hussein, Ustad Gholam Hassan, and Faiz Mohammad Hazara. They were asked to travel to Dai-Zangi and obtain the support of the Hazara populace in that area. But the Hazara people refused to do so, and the Shiite leaders of Kabul city returned without any success.
The disappointed Hamidullah with the help of anti Shiite Pashtun Nomads then ordered them punished for failing in their mission. In the result of the brutal beating, Faiz Mohammad Hazara got sick for a few days, but died one year later during Nadir Shah's reign.
By:Mohammad Nazif
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General Musa Khan
General Musa Khan Hazara (موسى خان) (1991-1908), was the Commander in Chief of Pakistan's Army. He succeeded Field Marshal Ayub Khan, who assumed the Presidency of Pakistan.
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Early Life and Military Career
He was the eldest son of Sardar Yazdan Khan, born in a Shia Muslim, Hazara family hailing from Quetta, Pakistan. Khan was from the Sardar family of the Hazara tribe; a tribe native to Balochistan, Pakistan. He was a "Naek" (Junior Non-Commissioned Officer) in the "106th Hazara Pioneers" who went to train at the Military Academy in Dehra Dun as a cadet and graduated with the first batch of the British King's Commissioned Officer on 1 February 1935. He was posted to the 6th Royal Battalion, the 13th Frontier Force Rifles as a "Platoon Commander" in 1936. He took part in the Waziristan Operations in 1936-1938 and in World War II, where he served in North Africa.
General(R)Musa Khan died on 12 March 1991 in Quetta.
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